Today I'm going to talk about one specific use of capitalization: titles. This will include royal titles (King, Queen) and titles used in place of names (Mom, Dad).

Titles:

Only capitalize if you use the person's name.
- King Henry VIII was married six times.
- King Henry VIII divorced Queen Katherine of Aragon.
Do not capitalize if referring to the generic office/title.
- The king was married six times.
- King Henry VIII divorced his queen, Katherine of Aragon.
This rule is the same for all titles, offices, etc. For example:
- Pope John Paul; the pope
- Senator John Kerry; the senator
- the prince; Prince of Wales

Personal titles

When using a personal title (Mom, Dad, Grandma, etc.), there is a simple rule to determine if you should capitalize it. Ask yourself "Would this sentence make sense if I put the person's real name instead of the title?" If yes, it should be capitalized.
- Mom is the best.
- I love you, Grandma.
Do not capitalize if the title is preceded by a word such as "my", "her", etc.
- My mom is the best.
- I love my grandma.

Is there another use of capitalization that you have trouble with? I'm happy to answer your questions. Thanks for reading!